Fire throughout the entire development of mankind has long been the principal means for cooking, animal repellent, lighting and heating, and later – the smelting and processing of metals, and finally, for a variety of engines – from the steam to the rocket. However, the damage brought the fire and brings still enough. When the houses were wooden, fire destroyed the entire town, and when there are new artificial materials, the main become a source of danger polymers. Significant deterrent to the introduction of a variety of polymeric materials is their fire hazard due to flammability and related combustion processes. Activities to develop and implement the most effective flame retardant materials are more relevant than today. At the moment there are so many techniques and methods to protect different types of materials and the impacts of fire.
One of them is the use of swelling of fireproof materials. Distending flame retardants – is a kind of "last word" art fire protection within premises. Used to date – as indeed, they are used – Materials lowered combustibility – self-extinguishing – gradually fell out of use due to the significant toxicity of the emissions of at combustion and thermal decomposition of substances containing a large percentage of halogens (Cl, Br), heavy and transition metals (Zn, V, Pb, Sb), which not only significantly pollute the environment, but also cause severe, sometimes fatal, poisoning people and animals caught in the fire zone. Distending flame retardant composition – is a class of materials in which interest is due both to their relatively high fire-resistance and relative "Environmental friendliness" and ease of use.